New amendment of the Addictive Substances Act No. 167/1998 Coll. came into effect on 22 April 2001 in the Czech Republic (under No. 106/2011 Coll.) substances (legal highs) mainly from cathinones, piperazines and synthetic cannabinoids groups.

On 1 January 2010, Act No. 40/2009 Coll., the Criminal Code, as amended by Act No. 306/2009 Coll., which was promulgated in Part 11 of the Collection of Acts on 9 February 2009, comes into effect. Chapter VII (Crimes against public order) Division 1 (Crimes of general endangerment) of the Criminal Code sets forth under the provisions of sections 283–288 thereof a list of crimes directly connected with unauthorised handling of drugs (hereinafter “narcotic and psychotropic substances” – “NPSs”). - Summary of relevant information and full texts of the legislation in English.

The Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (National Focal Point; NFP) was established on the basis of a Czech Republic Government Decree from June 19, 2002, as a part of the Secretariat of the National Drug Commission (now: Government Council for Drug Policy Coordination ). Through the National Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, the Czech Republic is involved in the European network of monitoring centers - the Reitox network.

The Government Council for Drug Policy Coordination (former: National Drug Commission of the Government) is a permanent advisory, initiating, and coordinating body of the Czech Republic Government, active in the sphere of drug policy.

The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) coordinates the system of collection, analysis, interpretation and dissemination of data at the European level. At the same time, it guarantees monitoring of the fulfillment of the EU Drug Strategy and the Action Plan.